The present research was to determine the effectiveness of auricular acupuncture and behavioral therapy to cigarette cessation. In Study I, ninety five smokers, who enrolled for a community based quit smoking program, were randomly assigned to the Auricular Acupuncture Group (AAG), Behavioral Therapy Group (BTG), and Waiting-List Control Group (WLG). Both treatment groups were given a treatment course consisted of 10 11/2 hour daily sessions conducted in the evening. The AAG group received press-needle stimulations to their "Shen-Men" and "Lung" points on the pinna for a week while the BTG learned various behavioral analysis and behavior modification techniques for smoking cessation. At the completion of treatment, the percentage of smokers and cigarette consumption decreased in both treatment groups but not in the control group. Although the AAG did better than the BTG initially, followup assessments over six months showed that the AAG suffered from faster relapse than the BTG. An additional cigarette cessation program (Study II) was conducted for the WLG (from Study I) using both auricular acupuncture and behavior therapy. The combined program was found more effective both short-term and long-term) than either of these methods alone. These findings support the notion that smoking behavior is controlled by both physiological and psychological factors.